Fracture or type of fracture

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  Fracture

               Fracture is the breaking or discontinuity of a bone.

              Types

Fractures may be classified as :
 

 1 simple or closed fracture:  


A simple or closed fracture is one in which a bone has been broken, but there is no serious injury to other important tissues in the vicinity .


Simple fractures are further classified as:  

a ) transverse fracture:  

In these the bone is broken almost straight across due to direct violence.

                   

B) spiral fracture:

In this the bone is obliquely broken due to indirect violence.

                       

C) fissured fracture:


In this the bone is cracked but not completely broken.

                   

2 compound or open fracture:

A compound or open fracture is one when there is a wound leading down to the broken bone or when the fracture ends protrude through the skin thus allowing air germs to obtain access to the site of the fracture.

                    

Complicated fracture: 


A complicated fracture is one when there is associated injury to some important internal structure e .g brain, spinal cord.

          

4 comminuted fracture: 

A complicated fracture is one in which a bone is broken and there are more than two fragments e.g fracture of patella due to direct violence.

                          

 5 impacted fracture:

An impacted fracture is one when the fragments of a fracture are driven in to one another and wedged firmly together. this kind of fracture occur s usually at the ends of long bones 

                   


6 green stick fracture:

This type of fracture occur in children under the age of twelve. In this the bone may be cracked and bent without breaking completely across.

                  

7 depressed fracture: 

A depressed fracture is one in which the broken part of the bone is driven inwards 

Eg when the vault of the skull has been fracture and a piece of the bone is pressed inwards.this may cause the signs and symptoms of compression.

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