Basic principles of first aid

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Defination of first aid -

First aid is the immediate and temporary care given to the casualty of an accidental situation of any kind to preserve life and strength until medical assistance is obtained.

Aims

First aid is skilled assistance based on scientific medicine and surgery to: 

. Preserve life
. Promote recovery
. Prevent further injury and worsening of the casualty
. Transport the casuality to the hospital or home

First aider

A first aider is just an odinary person (need not be a doctor) who has been taught a standard method of application of first aid and who provids immediate treatment to the victim at the time of accident or sudden illness before medical help is obtined.


Qualities of a first aider 

  
When someone is hurt instead of panicking one can do a lot to help the injured; one need not require special equipment or traning to carry out the basic first aid but what one needs are.

              

Following are the qualities of a first aider:

1 observes and thinks carefully and acts quickly

2 remains clam,cool and confident

3 controls crowd and demands help from amongst the crowd

4 assigns somebody to call for a doctor or informs a hospital/home of the casualty immediately

5 possesses good judgement

6 provides first aid according to priority

7 acts tactfully and deals with anxious relations or friends of the casualty sympathetically


First aid kit: 

At home, school , factories ,buses and cars  there should be a first aid kit or bag kept ready for emergencies. 

Infect the contents of a first aid kit will very according to the duties to be performed and the special need of the occasion 

Therefore it not necessary to specify the contents of a first aid kit but the following list provide a basic for selecting equipments for first aid kit.

                      

1 dressing (assorted) 

2 triangular bandages

3 roller bandages

4 cotton wool.

5 a set of large safety pins

6 a pair of scissors

7 disecting forceps/or pair of tweezers

8 graduated medication glass.

9 smelling salts

10 glucose ,sweets or lump of sugar 

11 torch

12 a set of splints with metal connections 

13 kidney basin

14 mackintosh/plastic sheet

15 a cake of soap 

16 a small more book and pencill



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